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HISTORY · THE MOVIE CAMERA

Cinema cameras, 1888 to now

From a single-lens box in Leeds to a 65 mm digital sensor you can only rent: the machines that set how films look.

Hand-cranked film

1888

Le Prince camera

A single lens, paper film, Leeds.

1891

Kinetograph

Stop-and-go film movement, Edison's lab.

1895

Cinématographe

Camera, printer and projector in one.

Studio film

1912

Bell & Howell 2709

The first all-metal production camera.

1937

Arriflex 35

The first reflex 35 mm camera: the operator sees through the lens.

1972

Panaflex

Quiet enough for sound without a blimp, light enough to hold.

Moving camera

1970

IMAX

15/70 film running sideways for very large screens.

1971

Aaton

A French maker based in Grenoble.

1975

Steadicam

Garrett Brown's stabiliser separates the camera from the operator's steps.

Digital cinema

2007

RED One

A 4K digital cinema camera; shipped August 2007.

2010

ARRI Alexa

ARRI's move to digital; in film, TV and commercials.

2014

Alexa 65

6.5K on a 65 mm sensor, available by rental only.